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固体氧化物燃料电池 2

碳基燃料 2

A^*算法 1

QCA）；可逆逻辑；DG门；二进制减法器；量子成本 1

二元光学 1

二元相似度测量；二元特征；测量组合；软件模块化 1

人工蜂群算法 1

人工蜂群；二进制优化；无容量限制的设施选址位置问题（UFLP） 1

优化算法 1

位相器件 1

催化 1

公共交通 1

减少污染物的产生和排放 1

动态二叉树 1

化学工程 1

发电系统 1

多尺度模拟 1

多维背包问题 1

天线拓扑优化；多目标灰狼算法；高维混合变量；快速设计 1

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Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends

Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0645-8

摘要： A second-law thermodynamic analysis was conducted for stoichiometric premixed dimethyl ether (DME)/hydrogen (H )/air flames at atmospheric pressure. The exergy losses from the irreversibility sources, i.e., chemical reaction, heat conduction and species diffusion, and those from partial combustion products were analyzed in the flames with changed fuel blends. It is observed that, regardless of the fuel blends, chemical reaction contributes most to the exergy losses, followed by incomplete combustion, and heat conduction, while mass diffusion has the least contribution to exergy loss. The results also indicate that increased H substitution decreases the exergy losses from reactions, conduction, and diffusion, primarily because of the flame thickness reduction at elevated H substitution. The decreases in exergy losses by chemical reactions and heat conduction are higher, but the exergy loss reduction by diffusion is slight. However, the exergy losses from incomplete combustion increase with H substitution, because the fractions of the unburned fuels and combustion intermediates, e.g., H and OH radical, increase. The overall exergy losses in the DME/H flames decrease by about 5% with increased H substitution from 0% to 100%.

关键词： second law analysis flame dimethyl ether (DME) hydrogen binary fuels

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Review on design, preparation and performance characterization of gelled fuels for advanced propulsion

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期页码 819-837 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2122-2

摘要： With the increasing demand for high-performance and safe fuels in aerospace propulsion systems, gelled fuels have attracted increasing attention. Because of their unique structure, gelled fuels exhibit the advantages of both solid and liquid fuels, such as high energy density, controllable thrust and storage safety. This review provides an overview on design, preparation and performance characterization of gelled fuels. The composition, preparation process and gelation mechanism of gelled high-energy-density fuels are described. Considering these aspects, the rheology and flow behavior of gelled fuels is summarized in terms of the shear thinning property, dynamic viscoelasticity and thixotropy. Moreover, the progress of atomization of gelled fuels is reviewed with a focus on the effect of atomizing nozzles. In addition, the experiments and theoretical models of single droplet combustion and combustor combustion are described. Finally, research directions for the development and application of gelled fuels are suggested.

关键词： gelled fuels high-energy-density fuels rheological properties atomization combustion

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用于语音识别的二值神经网络 Regular Papers

Yan-min QIAN, Xu XIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第5期页码 701-715 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800469

摘要：近年来，在语音识别的声学建模中，深度神经网络(DNNs)明显优于高斯混合模型。然而，推断阶段巨大的计算量使其难以部署在低功耗的嵌入式模型上。为此，稀疏性和低精度定点量化技术被广泛使用。为降低推理阶段计算量，本文开发了用于语音识别的二进制神经网络，并实现了高速的二值矩阵乘法。在中央处理器(CPU)和图形处理单元(GPU)上，二值矩阵乘法的运行速度是浮点矩阵乘法的5–7倍。针对大规模连续语音识别的声学建模，提出多种二值神经网络及相关模型优化算法。为提高二值模型的精度，探索了从浮点模型到二值模型的知识蒸馏技术。在标准的Switchboard语音识别任务上，该二值神经网络模型比浮点神经网络模型速度提高3–4倍。借助知识蒸馏技术，二值深度神经网络或卷积神经网络相对其浮点神经网络的词错误率增加可以保持在15%以内。若只二值化卷积神经网络的卷积层，词错误率增加几乎可忽略。

关键词：语音识别；二值神经网络；二值矩阵乘法；知识蒸馏；位1计数

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Linking renewables and fossil fuels with carbon capture via energy storage for a sustainable energy future

Dawid P. Hanak, Vasilije Manovic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 453-459 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1892-2

摘要： Renewable energy sources and low-carbon power generation systems with carbon capture and storage (CCS) are expected to be key contributors towards the decarbonisation of the energy sector and to ensure sustainable energy supply in the future. However, the variable nature of wind and solar power generation systems may affect the operation of the electricity system grid. Deployment of energy storage is expected to increase grid stability and renewable energy utilisation. The power sector of the future, therefore, needs to seek a synergy between renewable energy sources and low-carbon fossil fuel power generation. This can be achieved via wide deployment of CCS linked with energy storage. Interestingly, recent progress in both the CCS and energy storage fields reveals that technologies such as calcium looping are technically viable and promising options in both cases. Novel integrated systems can be achieved by integrating these applications into CCS with inherent energy storage capacity, as well as linking other CCS technologies with renewable energy sources via energy storage technologies, which will maximise the profit from electricity production, mitigate efficiency and economic penalties related to CCS, and improve renewable energy utilisation.

关键词： carbon capture energy storage renewable energy sources decarbonisation fossil fuels

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Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of binary and ternary blended pervious concrete

Rekha SINGH, Sanjay GOEL

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 229-240 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0597-4

摘要： The purpose of the investigation was to study the effect of binary and ternary blends of cement on the mechanical properties of pervious concrete (PC) specimen through destructive (DT) and non-destructive testing (NDT). Various combinations of fly ash (FA), limestone powder (LP), metakaolin (MK), and silica fume (SF) as mineral admixtures have been investigated to partially replace the cement up to 30% by weight in PC. Standard cube specimens of size 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm of binary and ternary blends of mineral admixture of pervious concrete were prepared to conduct standard compressive strength test and split tensile test at 7 and 28 days of curing. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test and Rebound Hammer test were used as a non-destructive testing tool to substantiate the robustness of PC and to determine the approximate mechanical properties where other destructive testing tools are not feasible in case of in-place pervious pavements. Overall the pervious concrete made with LP based ternary blends (PLM and PLS) were found to perform better than FA based ternary blends (PFM and PFS) and control mix (PC) in destructive and non-destructive testing.

关键词： mineral admixture ternary compressive strength split tensile strength pervious concrete ultrasonic pulse velocity

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Comparing the adsorption behaviors of Cd, Cu and Pb from water onto Fe-Mn binary oxide, MnO

Wei XU,Huachun LAN,Hongjie WANG,Hongming LIU,Jiuhui QU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 385-393 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0648-y

摘要： The adsorption potential of FMBO, FeOOH, MnO for the removal of Cd , Cu and Pb in aqueous systems was investigated in this study. Comparing to FMBO and FeOOH, MnO offered a much higher removal capacity towards the three metal ions. The maximal adsorption capacity of MnO for Cd , Cu and Pb were 1.23, 2.25 and 2.60 mmol·g , respectively. And that for FMBO were 0.37, 1.13, and 1.18 mmol·g and for FeOOH were 0.11, 0.86 and 0.48 mmol·g , respectively. The adsorption behaviors of the three metal ions on the three adsorbents were all significantly affected by pH values and heavy metal removal efficiency increased with pH increased. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium of the three metal ions onto the three adsorbents. Results showed that the adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and this indicated that adsorption of metal ions occurred on the three metal oxides adsorbents limited to the formation of a monolayer. More negative charged of MnO surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH could be ascribed by lower pH of MnO than that of FMBO and FeOOH and this could contribute to more binding sites on MnO surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH. The higher metal ions uptake by MnO than FMBO and FeOOH could be well explained by the surface charge mechanism.

关键词： heavy metals Fe-Mn binary oxide manganese dioxide ferric hydroxide adsorption

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Oxidative desulfurization of fuels using ionic liquids: A review? ?

Hua Zhao,Gary A. Baker

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 262-279 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1528-0

摘要： Extractive oxidation, wherein aromatic sulfur-containing compounds are extracted and subsequently oxidized to their corresponding sulfones, has proven to be one of the most effective desulfurization methods for producing ultra-low sulfur content fuels. As non-volatile and highly designable solvents, ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted considerable attention for the oxidative desulfurization of fuels. In this review, we systematically discuss the utility of ILs in catalytic and extractive oxidation, including their role as extractant, catalyst, or both. We also discuss the challenges facing the use of ILs in this regard, including their relatively high cost and excessive viscosity, as well as their efficiency and stability as catalyst.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization ionic liquids extraction fuels petroleum polyoxometalates

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Catalytic cracking of endothermic fuels in coated tube reactor

LI Jia, ZOU Jijun, ZHANG Xiangwen, GUO Wei, MI Zhentao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 181-185 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0032-1

摘要： Suspensoid of HZSM-5 or HY zeolites mixed with a self-made ceramic-like binder was coated on the inner wall of a tubular reactor by gas-aided fluid displacement technology. The coated zeolites were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The coating thickness is 10–20 ?m and the particle size of the zeolites is in the range of 1–5 ?m. In the coated reactor, cracking of endothermic fuels including -dodecane and aviation fuel RP-3 was carried out separately under supercritical conditions at 600°C and 625°C to investigate their heat sinks and conversion of catalytic reactions. For the reaction catalyzed by HY(25% mass fraction) coating, the heat sink capacity of -dodecane are 815.7 and 901.9 kJ/kg higher than that of the bare tube at 600°C and at 625°C, respectively. Conversion of -dodecane also increases from 42% to 60% at 600°C and from 66% to 80% at 625°C. The coated zeolite can significantly inhibit the carbon deposition during supercritical cracking reactions.

关键词： HZSM-5 self-made ceramic-like gas-aided Conversion Suspensoid

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Deep desulfurization of diesel fuels by catalytic oxidation

YU Guoxian, CHEN Hui, LU Shanxiang, ZHU Zhongnan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 162-166 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0030-8

摘要： Reaction feed was prepared by dissolving dibenzothiophene (DBT), which was selected as a model organosulfur compound in diesel fuels, in -octane. The oxidant was a 30 wt-% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide. Catalytic performance of the activated carbons with saturation adsorption of DBT was investigated in the presence of formic acid. In addition, the effects of activated carbon dosage, formic acid concentration, initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide, initial concentration of DBT and reaction temperature on the oxidation of DBT were investigated. Experimental results indicated that performic acid and the hydroxyl radicals produced are coupled to oxidize DBT with a conversion ratio of 100%. Catalytic performance of the combination of activated carbon and formic acid is higher than that of only formic acid. The concentration of formic acid, activated carbon dosage, initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide and reaction temperature affect the oxidative removal of DBT. The higher the initial concentration of DBT in the -octane solution, the more difficult the deep desulfurization by oxidation is.

关键词： organosulfur compound performic presence activated hydrogen peroxide

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Extractive desulfurization of model fuels with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第12期页码 1735-1742 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2167-x

摘要： A nitrogen-containing ionic liquid was synthesized using an aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic and an amino acid, and applied to the extractive desulfurization process to remove benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiphene from a model fuel oil. Chemical characterizations and simulation using Gaussian 09 software confirmed the rationality of an ionic liquid structure. Classification of non-covalent interactions between the ionic liquid and the three sulfur-containing contaminants was studied by reduced density gradient analysis. The viscosity of the ionic liquid was adjusted by addition of polyethylene glycol. Under extraction conditions of the volume of ionic liquid to oil as 1:1 and temperature as room temperature, the desulfurization selectivity of ionic liquid followed the order of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiphene (15 min) < benzothiophene (15 min) ≈ dibenzothiophene (10 min). Addition of p-xylene and cyclohexene to the fuel oil had little effect. The extractant remained stable and effective after multiple regeneration cycles.

关键词： extractive desulfurization nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid reduced density gradient analysis desulfurization selectivity

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A comparative study of particle size distribution from two oxygenated fuels and diesel fuel

Xiaoyan SHI, Kebin HE, Jie ZHANG, Yongliang MA, Yunshan GE, Jianwei TAN,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 30-34 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0011-x

摘要： Oxygenated fuels are known to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions from diesel engines. In this study, 100% soy methyl ester (SME) biodiesel fuel (B100) and a blend of 10% acetal denoted by A-diesel with diesel fuel were tested as oxygenated fuels. Particle size and number distributions from a diesel engine fueled with oxygenated fuels and base diesel fuel were measured using an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). Measurements were made at ten steady-state operational modes of various loads at two engine speeds. It was found that the geometric mean diameters of particles from SME and A-diesel were lower than that from base diesel fuel. Compared to diesel fuel, SME emitted more ultra-fine particles at rated speed while emitting less ultra-fine particles at maximum speed. Ultra-fine particle number concentrations of A-diesel were much higher than those of base diesel fuel at most test modes.

关键词： oxygenated fuel diesel particulate matter particle size distribution biofuel

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Comprehensive performance analysis and optimization of 1,3-dimethylimidazolylium dimethylphosphate-water binary

Gorakshnath TAKALKAR, Ahmad K. SLEITI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 521-535 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0720-9

摘要： The energy and exergy analyses of the absorption refrigeration system (ARS) using H O-[mmim][DMP] mixture were investigated for a wide range of temperature. The equilibrium Dühring ( - - ) and enthalpy ( - - ) of mixture were assessed using the excess Gibbs free non-random two liquid (NRTL) model for a temperature range of 20°C to 140°C and from 0.1 to 0.9. The performance validation of the ARS cycle showed a better coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.834 for H O-[mmim][DMP] in comparison to NH -H O, H O-LiBr, H O-[emim][DMP], and H O-[emim][BF4]. Further, ARS performances with various operating temperatures of the absorber ( ), condenser ( ), generator ( ), and evaporator ( ) were simulated and optimized for a maximum COP and exergetic COP (ECOP). The effects of from 50°C to 150°C and and from 30°C to 50°C on COP and ECOP, the , , and circulation ratio (CR) of the ARS were evaluated and optimized for from 5°C to 15°C. The optimization revealed that needed to achieve a maximum COP which was more than that for a maximum ECOP. Therefore, this investigation provides criteria to select low grade heat source temperature. Most of the series flow of the cases of cooling water from the condenser to the absorber was found to be better than the absorber to the condenser.

关键词： ionic liquid driven absorption cycle H₂O-[mmim][DMP] coefficient of performance (COP) exergy analysis thermodynamics mixture property

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Production of renewable fuels by blending bio-oil with alcohols and upgrading under supercritical conditions

Sainab Omar, Suzanne Alsamaq, Yang Yang, Jiawei Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 702-717 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1861-9

摘要： The work studied a non-catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil by blending under supercritical conditions using methanol, ethanol and isopropanol as solvent and hydrogen donor. Characterisation of the bio-oil and the upgraded bio-oils was carried out including moisture content, elemental content, pH, heating value, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), Fourier transform infrared radiation, C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate the effects of blending and supercritical reactions. The GCMS analysis indicated that the supercritical methanol reaction removed the acids in the bio-oil consequently the pH increased from 2.39 in the crude bio-oil to 4.04 after the supercritical methanol reaction. The ester contents increased by 87.49% after the supercritical methanol reaction indicating ester formation could be the major deacidification mechanism for reducing the acidity of the bio-oil and improving its pH value. Simply blending crude bio-oil with isopropanol was effective in increasing the C and H content, reducing the O content and increasing the heating value to 27.55 from 17.51 MJ·kg in the crude bio-oil. After the supercritical isopropanol reaction, the heating value of the liquid product slightly further increased to 28.85 MJ·kg .

关键词： bio-oil blending supercritical upgrading characterisation

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动态二叉树表示环境的A^*算法及其在足球机器人路径规划中的实现

唐平,杨宜民

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第9期页码 50-53

摘要：

提出采用二叉树表示二维空间的方法，对全局路径规划和局部路径规划进行综合考虑，设计移动机器人在复杂环境下对动态障碍物进行避障的A^*算法。在足球机器人系统中进行仿真，将二叉树动态地表示球场的机器人与目标为对角线的矩型环境，使搜索范围随搜索进程动态地减小，实现了路径规划的整体优化。

关键词：动态二叉树 A^*算法路径规划

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Experimental study on saturated flow boiling heat transfer of R290/R152a binary mixtures in a horizontal

Xin ZOU, Maoqiong GONG, Gaofei CHEN, Zhaohu SUN, Jianfeng WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 527-534 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0109-7

摘要： An experimental study on the saturated flow boiling heat transfer for a binary mixture of R290/R152a at various compositions is conducted at pressures ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 MPa. The heat transfer coefficients are experimentally measured over mass fluxes ranging from 74.1 to 146.5 kg/(m ·s) and heat fluxes ranging from 13.1 to 65.5 kW/m . The influences of different parameters such as quality, saturation pressure, heat flux, and mass flux on the local heat transfer coefficient are discussed. Existing correlations are analyzed. The Gungor-Winterton correlation shows the best fit among experimental data for the two pure refrigerants. A modified correlation for the binary mixture is proposed based on the authors’ previous work on pool boiling heat transfer and the database obtained from this study. The result shows that the total mean deviation is 10.41% for R290/R152a mixtures, with 97.6% of the predictions falling within±30%.

关键词： flow boiling heat transfer binary mixture R290/R152a